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完整的 Laravel 8 CRUD 应用教程

神兵小将
2021-09-24 / 0 评论 / 18 点赞 / 811 阅读 / 11,087 字 / 正在检测是否收录...

Laravel 8 是一个开源的 PHP 框架。在本文中,我们将看到Laravel 4 CRUD 应用程序教程的实现。如今,每个应用程序都有一个通用的操作CRUD。CRUD 代表创建、读取、更新和删除。
laravel8crudtutorial1024x373.webp

创建迁移

因为我们将在 laravel 中创建 CRUD(创建、读取、更新、删除)应用程序。所以让我们以product为例。

在这里,我们必须创建一个创建产品表的迁移。

$ php artisan make:migration create_products_table --create=products

在终端上运行此命令后,您将看到将在以下路径/database/migrations 中创建一个文件。

打开{timestamp}_create_products_table.php文件并将完整的代码写入其中。

<?php
  
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
  
class CreateProductsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('products', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->id();
            $table->string('name');
            $table->integer('amount');
            $table->text('description');
            $table->timestamps();
        });
    }
  
    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('products');
    }
}

现在,您必须运行此给定命令来迁移上述文件。

$ php artisan migrate

以上命令将在数据库中创建一个产品表。

添加应用程序控制器和模型

接下来,我们应该创建一个新的控制器作为ProductController。我们将通过运行给定的命令来创建一个资源控制器。

$ php artisan make:controller ProductController --resource --model=Product

该命令将创建一个 ProductController,即一个资源控制器和一个模型。你可以在这个路径app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.phpapp/Models/Product.php 的模型中找到创建的文件

在这个资源控制器中,我们将有以下方法:

  • index()
  • create()
  • store()
  • show()
  • edit()
  • update()
  • delete()

从这个路径 app/Models/Product.php 打开模型并编写这个更新的代码。

<?php
  
namespace App\Models;
  
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
  
class Product extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
  
    protected $fillable = [
        'name', 'description', 'amount'
    ];
}

打开app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.php并粘贴此更新后的代码。

<?php
  
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
   
use App\Models\Product;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
  
class ProductController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $products = Product::latest()->paginate(5);
    
        return view('products.index',compact('products'))
            ->with('i', (request()->input('page', 1) - 1) * 5);
    }
     
    /**
     * Show the form for creating a new resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function create()
    {
        return view('products.create');
    }
    
    /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'name' => 'required',
            'description' => 'required',
            'amount' => 'required',
        ]);
    
        Product::create($request->all());
     
        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success','Product created successfully.');
    }
     
    /**
     * Display the specified resource.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function show(Product $product)
    {
        return view('products.show',compact('product'));
    } 
     
    /**
     * Show the form for editing the specified resource.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function edit(Product $product)
    {
        return view('products.edit',compact('product'));
    }
    
    /**
     * Update the specified resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function update(Request $request, Product $product)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'name' => 'required',
            'description' => 'required',
            'amount' => 'required',
        ]);
    
        $product->update($request->all());
    
        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success','Product updated successfully');
    }
    
    /**
     * Remove the specified resource from storage.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function destroy(Product $product)
    {
        $product->delete();
    
        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success','Product deleted successfully');
    }
}

应用资源路由设置

从路径routes/web.php打开路由配置文件web.php

将以下代码添加到其中。

use App\Http\Controllers\ProductController;
  
Route::resource('products', ProductController::class);

如果我们有兴趣查看与 Resource Controller 关联的路由,请返回终端并输入命令

$ php artisan route:list

resourceroutelistlaravel81024x582.webp

添加应用程序布局文件

在这里面我们需要创建产品的布局文件。让我们在路径resources/views/ 下创建一个新文件夹products然后在其中创建 CRUD 应用程序的Blade文件。

所以我们必须创建以下Blade文件:

  • layout.blade.php
  • index.blade.php
  • create.blade.php
  • edit.blade.php
  • show.blade.php

打开文件resources/views/products/layout.blade.php并将以下给定代码粘贴到其中。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Laravel 8 CRUD Application Tutorial - Online Web Tutor</title>
    <link href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.0.0-alpha/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
  
<div class="container" style="margin-top:100px;">
    @yield('content')
</div>
   
</body>
</html>

打开文件resources/views/products/index.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')
 
@section('content')
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h3>Laravel 8 CRUD Application Tutorial - Online Web Tutor</h3>
            </div>
            <div class="pull-right">
                <a class="btn btn-success" href="{{ route('products.create') }}"> Add New Product</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
   
    @if ($message = Session::get('success'))
        <div class="alert alert-success">
            <p>{{ $message }}</p>
        </div>
    @endif
   
    <table class="table table-bordered" style="margin-top:20px;">
        <tr>
            <th>No</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Amount</th>
            <th>Description</th>
            <th width="280px">Action</th>
        </tr>
        @foreach ($products as $product)
        <tr>
            <td>{{ ++$i }}</td>
            <td>{{ $product->name }}</td>
            <td>{{ $product->amount }}</td>
            <td>{{ $product->description }}</td>
            <td>
                <form action="{{ route('products.destroy',$product->id) }}" method="POST">
   
                    <a class="btn btn-info" href="{{ route('products.show',$product->id) }}">Show</a>
    
                    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.edit',$product->id) }}">Edit</a>
   
                    @csrf
                    @method('DELETE')
      
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                </form>
            </td>
        </tr>
        @endforeach
    </table>
  
    {!! $products->links() !!}
      
@endsection

打开文件resources/views/products/create.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')
  
@section('content')
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
        <div class="pull-left">
            <h2>Add New Product</h2>
        </div>
        <div class="pull-right">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
   
@if ($errors->any())
    <div class="alert alert-danger">
        <strong>Whoops!</strong> There are some issues.<br><br>
        <ul>
            @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                <li>{{ $error }}</li>
            @endforeach
        </ul>
    </div>
@endif
   
<form action="{{ route('products.store') }}" method="POST">
    @csrf
  
     <div class="row">
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Name:</strong>
                <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control" placeholder="Name">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Amount:</strong>
                <input type="number" name="amount" class="form-control" placeholder="Amount">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Description:</strong>
                <textarea class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="description" placeholder="Description"></textarea>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
        </div>
    </div>
   
</form>
@endsection

打开文件resources/views/products/edit.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
        <div class="pull-left">
            <h2>Edit Product</h2>
        </div>
        <div class="pull-right">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

@if ($errors->any())
<div class="alert alert-danger">
    <strong>Whoops!</strong> There are some issues.<br><br>
    <ul>
        @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
        <li>{{ $error }}</li>
        @endforeach
    </ul>
</div>
@endif

<form action="{{ route('products.update',$product->id) }}" method="POST">
    @csrf
    @method('PUT')

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Name:</strong>
                <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ $product->name }}" class="form-control" placeholder="Name">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Amount:</strong>
                <input type="number" name="amount" value="{{ $product->amount }}" class="form-control" placeholder="Amount">
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Detail:</strong>
                <textarea class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="description"
                    placeholder="Detail">{{ $product->description }}</textarea>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
        </div>
    </div>

</form>
@endsection

打开文件resources/views/products/show.blade.php

@extends('products.layout')
  
@section('content')
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h2> Show Product</h2>
            </div>
            <div class="pull-right">
                <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.index') }}"> Back</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
   
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Name:</strong>
                {{ $product->name }}
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Amount:</strong>
                {{ $product->amount }}
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Description:</strong>
                {{ $product->description }}
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
@endsection

最后,我们准备运行 Laravel 8 CRUD 应用程序。

应用测试

打开项目到终端并输入命令启动开发服务器

$ php artisan serve

打开网址:http://127.0.0.1:8000/products
laravel8crudtutoriallist1024x266.webp

当我们点击添加新产品按钮时,它将打开 http://127.0.0.1:8000/products/create

laravel8crudtutorialcreate1024x450.webp
当我们从 Create Form 添加产品时,我们将在 /products URL 看到产品列表。在列表中,我们将看到编辑和删除按钮。

我们希望本文能帮助您以非常详细的方式了解 Laravel 8 CRUD 应用程序教程。

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